BIM Use Definition (BUD)

BIM Use Definition (BUD) Standard

Summary

The BIM Use Definitions (BUD) module provides a common framework and consistent terminology for communicating the purposes for using BIM for a given project or within an organization. The module outlines a list of attributes for BIM Uses and describes the parameters of a BIM Use Case. The module includes the workgroup’s consensus on sixteen (16) of the most widely adopted BIM Uses across the construction industry.

BIM Use Definitions are not intended to describe means and methods; however, necessary components of the BIM Use have been identified (i.e., prerequisites, input, output, etc.). The module lays the groundwork for additional BIM Uses to be added in the future as they merit inclusion. Methods of establishing BIM requirements can be found in the Project BIM Requirements module. Additionally, it is the hope that future iterations may include methodology for applying specific BIM Uses and BIM Use Cases.

The module is intended to support a wide array of project types and sectors, including both buildings and infrastructure. The BIM Use Definitions module should be used in conjunction with the NBIMS-US™ Project BIM Requirements and BIM Execution Planning modules. BIM Uses should be paired with a specific method and targeted outcome to develop or implement a BIM Use Case.

In Summary, the BIM Use Definitions module outlines what a BIM Use is, provides a list of broadly adopted BIM Uses including their definition and associated attributes, and a protocol for referencing the BIM Uses in other resources.

Why is this Standard Important?

Communication within any given project and amongst project stakeholders is key to success. The purpose of the BIM Use Definitions module is to identify the necessary elements for defining a BIM Use, along with defining the commonly adopted BIM Uses on projects.

Having defined BIM Uses and a defined framework provides the following benefits:

  • Establishes a common language for communicating how BIM is applied during the life of a project,
  • Includes the BIM Use and its attributes,
  • Focuses on the objectives being achieved through BIM, and
  • Lays the groundwork for developing BIM Use Cases.

Additionally, having the framework and terminology established in this module enables expansive growth of BIM Uses in a consistent manner. The list of BIM Uses in this module are not exhaustive, but a structure is provided to define additional BIM Uses as BIM adoption increases.

Who is the Audience?

BIM Uses apply to many project stakeholders across various project types and within and across an array of project phases. The primary audiences of this module are the owner and the project delivery team members for all projects implementing BIM at any stage of the delivery process. The owner and project team can use this module as a communication mechanism to establish shared meaning and understanding of specific BIM Uses for any given project. The owner specifically can use this module to identify or define the BIM Uses that provide value to their project or organization. The project team can use this module to plan for BIM Use Case adoption within their team and the integration and progression of BIM Use Cases on any given project.

When should this module be used?

The BIM Use Definitions module should be used during project planning and any time communication of BIM Uses is needed. As additional project stakeholders join any given project, a review of the project-specific BIM Uses and their attributes should occur. The module should be referenced for any of the included BIM Uses. The module should also be used when planning additional BIM Uses or BIM Use Cases. The module should be referenced as a companion resource to BIM Execution Planning.

What is Contained in the Module?

This module includes the following items:

  1. A BIM Use development process for creating a BIM Use or a BIM Use Case,
  2. A list of attributes that apply to any given BIM Use, and
  3. A detailed listing of 16 widely adopted BIM Uses with their specific attributes.

How Should this Module be Used?

The module can be used as a library of BIM Uses or as a framework to develop and define additional BIM Uses and/or BIM Use Cases. The owner and project team can leverage this module to document and communicate project-specific BIM Uses. This module should also be used in conjunction with Project BIM Requirements and BIM Execution Planning.

How was this Version of the BUD Module Developed?

The Planning Committee of the National BIM Standard commissioned the BIM Use Definitions Workgroup to identify appropriate BIM Use definitions and development methodology for inclusion in the NBIMS-US™. The workgroup was comprised of industry representatives from across multiple sectors including both buildings and infrastructure with a variety of professional experience with BIM. The workgroup gathered BIM Uses from version 3 of NBIMS-US™ and other industry sources. Each BIM Use was analyzed and discussed by the workgroup to identify attributes and commonly adopted practices. Existing BIM Uses were evaluated for any necessary revisions to align with current industry practices. Through a consensus process, the workgroup collaboratively identified and refined a list of broadly adopted BIM Uses and populated the attributes of each. The workgroup recognized that additional BIM Uses exist; however, only BIM Uses that had matured to a level of adoption and standardization merited inclusion.

The workgroup further developed a standardized, structured approach to develop BIM Uses to provide flexibility to create or document additional BIM Uses consistent with the national standard.

This standard was developed by the NBIMS-US™ BIM Use Definition Workgroup. Voting members of this workgroup include Ralph Kreider (Chair), Alex Belkofer, Sagata Bhawani, Ghang Lee, Brandon Meinert, Francesca Maier, John Messner, Lance Parve, Kevin Silveira, and Dana Smith. Additional contributors include Dominique Fernandez (NIBS), Johnny Fortune (NIBS), Roger Grant (NIBS), and Jay Kline (NIBS).

Foreword

Building Information Modeling (BIM) Uses provide a common language for communicating how BIM is applied during the life of a project. The BIM Uses include both the BIM Use itself and the attributes of the BIM Use. A BIM Use is the purpose for applying BIM. BIM Uses focus on the objectives being achieved through BIM rather than specific BIM Use Cases. A BIM Use Case is a BIM Use with a specific methodology and outcome achieved. Methods used to implement a BIM Use vary from project to project or implementation to implementation. Additionally, the specific outcome(s) depends on phase, trade, and Owner requirements. BIM Use Cases, including both methods and outcomes, should be defined during specific implementations of BIM on a project or within an organization.

The provided list of BIM Uses outlined in this standard does not attempt to be comprehensive; rather, the list of BIM Uses focuses on those BIM Uses that are more widely adopted throughout the industry. The BIM Use definitions provide a structure to define additional BIM Uses as these applications of BIM mature.

1 Introduction

This standard identifies various BIM Uses project teams may leverage to implement BIM on a project along with example methods and outcomes to achieve the BIM Use. BIM Uses provide consistent terminology for the purposes of applying BIM. When implementing a BIM Use, ensure that the specific method and outcomes are also identified. The combination of a BIM Use, a specific method, and a specific outcome is a BIM Use Case. The BIM Uses were gathered from Version 3 of NBIMS-US™ and other industry sources, then compiled through a consensus process as described below. In the end, the BIM Use Definition Workgroup identified sixteen (16) BIM Uses with attributes that can be used to develop project BIM requirements, processes, and BIM deliverables.

While the list of BIM Uses outlined in this document is meant to capture the most adopted BIM Uses within the built environment, the BIM Use Definition Workgroup fully recognizes that additional BIM Uses exist. However, the workgroup felt those BIM Uses had not yet matured to a level of adoption and standardization to merit inclusion into the primary list of BIM Uses. The workgroup’s aim is to develop a list of BIM Uses that apply across all construction sectors; market sector-specific BIM Uses were omitted, regardless of the level of maturity within that market sector. In the future, other BIM Uses may be balloted for inclusion in the primary list as the technology and process around BIM mature.

2 Scope  

The BIM Uses module outlines what a BIM Use is, provides a list of primary BIM Uses and associated Attributes, the Definition for those BIM Uses, and a protocol for referencing the BIM Uses in other resources. This standard is not comprehensive of all potential BIM Uses, rather focused on those more widely adopted BIM Uses across the construction industry and provides a framework for identifying additional BIM Uses as they merit inclusion. The standard does not include a methodology for applying BIM Uses, nor a method of establishing BIM requirements.

3 Terms and Definitions  
Analyze Design

A BIM Use to examine and evaluate a built environment asset’s design to assess its functionality, and compliance with various criteria and requirements.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Appointed Party

The entity that is contracted for and provides information concerning works, goods, or services.

[Source: ISO 19650-1:2018(en), modified – added ‘the entity that is contracted for and provides’]

[Also known as contractor, designer, consultant, architect, engineer, subcontractor, subconsultant]

Appointing Party

The entity that holds the contract and receives information concerning works, goods, or services.

[Source: ISO 19650-1:2018(en), modified – added ‘the entity that is contracted for and receives’]

[Also known as owner, client]

Author Design

A BIM Use to develop a design using BIM authoring software with 3D and attribute information for a built environment asset leveraging an object library of parametric elements.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Author Temporary Work

A BIM Use to generate the design of non-permanent elements in a model necessary to construct a project.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

BIM Execution Plan

A plan that explains how the information management aspects of a project will be carried out by the project team.

[Source: ISO 19650-2:2018(en), 3.1.3.1 – modified ‘delivery team’ to ‘project team’]

See Appointment BIM Execution Plan (ABEP) and Project BIM Execution Plan (PBEP).

BIM Use

The purpose for applying BIM. BIM Use includes name, definition, and related terms.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS- US, V4]

BIM Use Case

A specific methodology and outcome achieved when applying a BIM Use on a project(s) or within an organization(s). A BIM Uses Case includes a BIM Use name, followed by the method, followed by the outcome.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US, V4]

Building Information Management

Functions of controlling the acquisition, analysis, retention, retrieval, and distribution of built environment asset information all within an information processing system

[Source: ISO/IEC 20944-1:2013(en), modified term – added “building” to specify information about built environment assets, and modified the definition – added ‘built environment asset’ to the definition of Information Management to clarify the specific management of ‘building’ information.]

Note: Within the term, ‘building’ refers to the process of building a built environment asset, not a specific type of facility. BIM is a function that can be implemented across all types of built environment assets, including buildings, bridges, highways, tunnels, process plants, landscape, and other infrastructure and facility types.

Building Information Model

A shared digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a built environment asset.

[Source: NBIMS-US™ Version 3, modified – added the word ‘shared’ and added the words ‘and built asset’– see Note 2 and Note 3]

Note 1: NBIMS-US™ Version 3 also included “As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility, forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life cycle from inception onwards.”

Note 2: Added the word ‘shared’ to the definition to be more consistent with ISO/TS 12911:2012(en) definition. The ISO definition uses the term ‘built object’ instead of ‘facility’ and adds facility types including ‘buildings, bridges, roads, process plant’.

Note 3: Added the words ‘built environment assets’ to specify that a building information model can include representations of buildings, roads, bridges, plants, and other built assets.

Building Information Modeling

Generating and using a shared digital representation of a built environment asset to facilitate design, construction, and operation processes to form a reliable basis for decisions.

[Source: ISO 19650-1:2018(en), 3.3.14, modified – revised ‘Use’ to ‘Generating and using’]

Capture Conditions

A BIM Use to collect current information about the built environment to include in a model.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Compile Record Deliverables

A BIM Use to capture and document project and asset information for the purpose of communicating the work performed, progress made, and compliance with requirements at project completion.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Coordinate Design and Construction

A BIM Use to verify the overall design layout and spatial arrangement of systems by applying construction means and methods and additional spatial constraints (such as code requirements, maintenance access and clearances) to validate the constructability of the project.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Establish Project Requirements

A BIM Use to capture and monitor key project aspects and scope such as area, spatial, functional, asset, deliverable, code, end user, organizational, and other stakeholder requirements using a data-centric approach.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Generate Estimates

A BIM Use to extract project, site, and asset quantity information from model(s) to support the development of project and/or lifecycle cost estimates.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Generate Fabrication Detail

A BIM Use to generate the manufacturing and/or construction details in a model necessary to fabricate elements of a project.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Layout Construction

A BIM Use to establish and mark features of work on a construction project using real-time positioning supported by model data.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Manage Assets

A BIM Use to track asset performance and ensure proper maintenance to improve longevity and optimize functionality.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Manage Space

A BIM Use to allocate, organize, and optimize the use of the physical space of a built environment asset.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Monitor Performance

A BIM Use to assess and evaluate the performance of a built environment asset to ensure it operates efficiently, effectively, and with performance standards.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Owner

The entity that holds the contract and receives information concerning works, goods, or services.

[Source: ISO 19650-1:2018(en) defined as appointing party, added ‘the entity that is contracted for and receives’]

[Also known as appointing party*]

*Note: NBIMS-US™ recognizes the term appointing party, but uses the term owner in the standard documents as it is recognized as the common term used in the US market. These should be considered interchangeable.

Produce Construction Documentation

A BIM Use to generate documentation to communicate design intent and construction details which may include plans, elevations, sections, renderings, data schedules, 3D diagrams, or specifications.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Project Team

Owner [Appointing Party] and all delivery teams.

[Source: ISO 19650-1:2018(en), added “owner”]

Review Design

A BIM Use to validate the design intent and constructability of the project based on meeting project requirements and stakeholder expectations, and regulatory compliance (such as validating design quality, 3D model quality, and data quality).

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

Sequence Construction

A BIM Use to represent and communicate the timing and/or sequencing of construction activities graphically using a model.

[Source: BIM Use Definitions Module, NBIMS-US™ V4]

4 Reference Documents for Use in BIM Use Definition  

The content developed within the BIM Use Definitions is an extension of the BIM Project Execution Planning Guide at CIC (2022).

The following documents are referenced throughout the development of the BIM Use Definitions ballot:

  • BIM Execution Plan Standard, Version 3, U.S. National BIM Standard, 2015 (NIBS 2015).
  • Computer Integrated Construction Research Program. BIM Project Execution Planning Guide—Version 2.1. University Park, PA, USA: The Pennsylvania State University, 2011. https://bim.psu.edu/
  • ISO 19650-2, Organization and digitization of information about buildings and civil engineering works, including building information modelling (BIM) — Information management using building information modelling — Part 2: Delivery phase of the assets
  • ISO 29481-1:2016, Building information models — Information delivery manual — Part 1: Methodology and format
  • ISO 29481-3:2022, Building information models — Information delivery manual — Part 3: Data schema
  • Ralph Kreider and John Messner (2013). The Uses of Building Information Modeling, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, available at bim.psu.edu https://bim.psu.edu/
  • The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (November 12, 2020). Digital Delivery Directive 2025 Final Strategic Plan, Harrisburg, PA. https://www.penndot.pa.gov/ProjectAndPrograms/3D2025/Documents/Final%20Strategic%20Plan%20V1.0.pdf
  • Ralph Kreider (2013). An Ontology on the Uses of Building Information Modeling. PhD Dissertation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Part, PA.
  • "Project Structure - Tetralogy of BIM." National BIM Standard — United States, 2013. https://www.nationalbimstandard.org/nbims-us-v3/tetralogy-of-bim
  • Sacks, R., Eastman, C., Lee, G., & Teicholz, P. (2018). BIM handbook: A guide to building information modeling for owners, designers, engineers, contractors, and facility managers. John Wiley & Sons.

These reference documents may also be used as resources for developing additional BIM Uses.

5 The BIM Use Development Process  

BIM Uses were developed through a consensus effort by a committee made up of BIM experts from multiple disciplines and market sectors. The committee worked to identify the unique reasons why BIM is implemented through the life of projects and facilities.

The development included gathering BIM Uses from existing versions of NBIMS and other sources. Each BIM Use was discussed within the BIM Use Definition Workgroup and evaluated for any necessary revisions to align with current industry practices. The workgroup included a standardized, structured approach to develop BIM Uses, which provides flexibility to create or document additional BIM Uses consistent with the national standard. While the BIM Use Definitions are not intended to describe means and methods, necessary components of the BIM Use have been identified (i.e., prerequisites, input, output, etc.).

Additional considerations of the BIM Use Definition Workgroup included:

  • Conducting a detailed review of BIM Uses from existing resources referenced above, engaged sound scholarly research and user interviews/surveys to identify additional BIM Uses that are candidates for inclusion.
  • Evaluated the list of BIM Uses for inclusion in primary list of BIM Uses based on:
    • Is this BIM Use Widely Adopted?
    • Is this BIM Use Essential to successfully adopting BIM on a project?
    • Is this BIM Use a part of another BIM Use?
    • Has the technology and/or processes facilitating this BIM Use matured beyond the research and development or piloting phase?
    • Is this BIM Use representative of all phases and market sectors rather than only specific to one?
  • Created a framework for BIM Uses including:
    • Identifying the necessary attributes of a BIM Use.
    • Creating a naming convention for a BIM Use beginning with a verb.
  • Consolidated and expanded upon BIM Uses based on similar purposes which greatly reduced the number of BIM Uses because the traditional list included elements such as Phase, Level of Development, or Key Stakeholder.
    • Consolidating terms that use different technology to achieve the same purpose.
    • Consolidating terms that identified different Levels of Development (LOD) or project phases. While a BIM Use may apply to a single phase of a project, the goal of the BIM Use could also be achieved over multiple phases.
    • Consolidating terms that used different party or stakeholders.
  • Reviewed of preliminary BIM Uses by outside experts and industry practitioners.

6 BIM Uses Identified  

The workgroup identified the most broadly adopted BIM Uses. Other BIM Uses exist outside of those identified and may be included in a future version of this module as their maturity merits inclusion. The BIM Use names are organized using verb noun format to highlight the objective being achieved by implementing the BIM Use. When referencing a BIM Use, the name of the BIM Use along with BIM Use Version should be included, i.e., Author Design (AuthorDesign- 4.0-1).

Bar graph of the common BIM uses by phase in the US National BIM Standard. These phases are representative only and specifib BIM USE Cases can be imprelmented in any phase. Establish project requirements spans the plan and design phases. Capture conditions spans the plan, design, and construct phases. Author design spans the plan, design, and construct phases. Analyze design spans the plan, design, and construct phases. Sequence construction spans the design and construct phases. Coordinate design and construction spans the design and construct phases. Review design spans the plan, design, and construct phases. Produce construction documentation spans the design and construct phases. Generate estimates spans the plan, design, construct, and operate phases. Generate fabrication details spans the design and construct phases. Author temporary works spans the design and construct phases. Layout construction the design construct phase. Compile record deliverables spans the design, construct, and operate phases. Manage assets spans the operate phase. Manage space spans the operate phase. Monitor Performance spans the operate phase.


Table 1. Identified BIM Use by Typical Project Phase (Note that phases are representative only and specific BIM Use Cases can be often implemented in any phase.)

Name Definition Related Terms
GATHER
1   Capture Conditions Collect current information about the built environment to include in a model Existing Condition Modeling, Laser Scanning, Reality Capture, Integrated Surveying, Photogrammetry, Photo/Video Documentation
GENERATE
2   Establish Project Requirements Capture and monitor key project aspects and scope such as area, spatial, functional, asset, deliverable, code, end user, organizational, and other stakeholder requirements using a data-centric approach. Scoping Requirements, Identify Project Characteristics, Programming Requirements, Design Criteria, Architectural Programming
3   Author Design Develop a design using BIM authoring software with 3D and attribute information for a built environment asset leveraging an object library of parametric elements. Design Authoring, Design Authoring and Briefing, Modeling, Discipline Modeling, Model Generation, Generative/Parametric Modeling, Federated Design Model, Design to Maintain, Product Selection, Product Library
4   Generate Fabrication Details Author manufacturing and/or construction details in a model necessary to fabricate elements of a project. Shop Modeling, Fabrication Modeling, Construction Model, Federated Construction Model, Digital Fabrication
5   Author Temporary Work Generate the design of non-permanent elements necessary to construct a project. Temporary Works Models, Construction System Design
6   Generate Estimates Extract project, site, and asset quantity information from model(s) to support the development of project and/or lifecycle cost estimates. 5D, Quantity Takeoff, QTO, Cost Estimating, Engineers Estimate, Cost Analysis, Total Cost of Ownership
ANALYZE
7   Analyze Design Examine and evaluate a built environment asset design to assess its functionality, and compliance with various criteria and requirements. Design Analysis, Engineering Analysis, Mechanical Analysis, Electrical Analysis, Structural Analysis, Energy Analysis, Lighting Analysis, Building System Analysis, Sustainability Analysis, Carbon Impact Analysis, emergency evacuation planning, Disaster Planning/EM Preparation, Site Analysis, Simulation, Spatial Analysis, Sustainability LEED Planning, Code Validation, Way Finding
8   Sequence Construction Represent and communicate the timing and/or sequencing of construction activities graphically using a model. 4D Modeling, Phase Planning (4D), Constructability, Schedule Visualization, Sequencing, Site Utilization Planning, Construction Simulation, Construction Logistics, 4D Scheduling, 4D BIM
9   Coordinate Design and Construction Verify the design layout and spatial arrangement of systems by applying construction means and methods and additional spatial constraints (such as code requirements, maintenance access and clearances) to validate the constructability of the project 3D Coordination, MEP Coordination, Clash Management, Interference management, Spatial coordination, Clash detection
10   Review Design Validate the design intent and constructability of the project based on meeting project requirements and stakeholder expectations, and regulatory compliance (such as validating design quality, 3D model quality, and data quality). Virtual Mock-up, Data validation, Validating Project Requirements, Design Review, Model Quality Review, Value Analysis / Engineering, Constructability, Sustainability, Maintainability
COMMUNICATE
11   Produce Construction Documentation Generate documentation to communicate design intent and construction details which may include plans, elevations, sections, renderings, data schedules, 3D diagrams, or specifications. Plans, Specifications, and Estimates (PS&E), Produce Drawings, Working Drawings, Contract Documents, Contract Drawings, CDs, Produce Documentation to Perform Procurement
12   Compile Record Deliverables Capture and document project and asset information for the purpose of communicating the work performed, progress made, and compliance with requirements at the project completion. Record Modeling, As-Built Modeling, As-Built Markup, Turnover Documents, Digital Markups, Project Record, Facility Data/COBie Deliverable, Operations & Maintenance Manuals
REALIZE
13   Layout Construction Establish and mark features of work on a construction project using real-time positioning supported by model data. Digital Layout, Automated Machine Guidance, Digital Control, Machine Control
MANAGE
14   Manage Assets Track asset performance and ensure proper maintenance to improve longevity and optimize functionality. Asset Management, Asset Planning, Capital Management, Maintenance Management
15   Manage Space Allocate, organize, and optimize the use of the physical space of a built environment asset. Space Management, Space Utilization, Space Requirement Analysis, Space Inventory, Space Allocation, Traffic Flow and Circulation Planning
16   Monitor Performance Assess and evaluate the performance of a built environment asset to ensure it operates efficiently, effectively, and with performance standards. Monitor System Performance, Performance tracking, Building System Analysis.

7 BIM Use Attributes  

Attributes have been defined for each BIM Use to further explain, expand upon, and relate other BIM Uses as well as provide commentary and guidance on applying the BIM Use on a project or within an organization. The information for each attribute is not intended to be comprehensive but rather to provide examples and general guidance.

The BIM Use attributes defined by the workgroup include:

  • Name: Title of the BIM Use in the format of a verb and noun(s) such as Author Design.
  • Definition: Concise description of the BIM Use, typically to be limited to one to two sentences.
  • Related Terms: Synonyms or other widely used terms for similar BIM Uses and/or sub–BIM Uses to be provided as a list.
  • Example BIM Use Cases (Methods and Outcomes): Example(s) of specific method(s) of applying a BIM Use(s) on a project(s) or within an organization(s) to be formatted with the BIM Use Name, followed by the desired outcome, then the method to achieve that outcome. Examples are included rather than a comprehensive list.
  • Potential Benefits: Potential gains achieved on a project or within an organization from adopting the BIM Use. The list of benefits is not designed to be exhaustive. Additionally, some benefits can be directly attributed to the BIM Use, while other benefits can only be partially attributed. Formatted in a list with the benefit first.
  • Considerations / Commentary: Information on how to apply and/or when to use the BIM Use. Limited to one to two paragraphs with concise considerations for those adopting the BIM Use.
  • Inputs: A list of example deliverables that enable the BIM Use.
  • Outputs: A list of example deliverables generated by the BIM Use.
  • Predecessor BIM Use(s): Other BIM Uses that are typically implemented prior to this BIM Use.
  • Successor BIM Use(s): Other BIM Uses that are typically implemented after this BIM Use.
  • Competencies: A list of recommended skills necessary to implement the BIM Use. Consider evaluating a team’s competency with these skills prior adopting / requiring a BIM Use.
  • Methods / Tools: Example processes and technologies (including hardware and software) used to implement the BIM Use. Methods / Tools are generic and do not specify any particular brand or company.
  • Resources: Implementation Guides, Case Studies, Standards, and Studies, that provide more details on the BIM Use.
    • Implementation Resources: A sample list of assets that provide guidance on how to adopt and implement the BIM Use.
    • References and Case Studies: A list of sources that provide commentary on the definition, business case, and examples of implementations of the BIM Use.
    • Note: Often, software vendors have specific implementation resources to describe in detail how their tools support specific BIM Uses.
  • ID / Version: Unique identifier for the BIM Uses, combined with version reference for the BIM Use definition within the US National BIM Standard. The ID / Version is formatted with the NBIMS-US BIM Use ID number followed by the BIMUseName-NBIMS VERSION-BIM Use Version such as 03 - AuthorDesign-4.0-1.
  • Author: The individual or organization that identified, documented, and consolidated the BIM Use in its current form. Referenced sources for the BIM Use are to be included in the references and case studies attribute. In some cases, the author may be the initial creator of the BIM Use, while in others, it may be the consolidator and/or balloter of the BIM Use.
7.1 BIM Use and BIM Use Case - The Necessity to Define Methods and Outcomes  

The BIM Uses themselves do not define specific methods and outcomes when implementing a BIM Use. Defining specific methods and outcomes is left to the BIM Use Case. As BIM continues to mature, the number of methods and outcomes continues to expand. With that said, when determining how a project team will implement BIM, it is critical to identify the specific method (/technology) being used (i.e., laser scanning) and the specific outcomes that are desired (i.e., a propriety model format).

When identifying the implementation of a BIM Use include the BIM Use, followed by the Method, followed by the Outcome (see Figure 1) to identify a specific BIM Use Case. For example:

  • Capture Conditions using UAV with Photogrammetry Processing to Update Site Model.
  • Capture Conditions using Laser Scanning with Point Cloud Registration to Update Site Model in IFC format.
  • Capture Conditions using Weather Sensor Devices to Identify Current Working Conditions.
Infographic displaying BIM Use Case equals BIM Use (Purpose) defined as Capture Conditions plus one of three Methods plus one of three outcomes; these are defined as 1-using UAV with Photogrammetry Processing to Provide Site Module; 2-Laser Scanning with Point Cloud Registration to Provide a Point Cloud Site Model; and 3-Weather Sensor Devices to Identify Current Weather Conditions


Figure 1. BIM Use Components

8 BIM Uses with Attributes  

Below is a list of each BIM Use with its associated attributes.

GATHER

8.1 Capture Conditions
Definition

Collect current information about the built environment to include in a model.
Related Terms

Existing Condition Modeling, Laser Scanning, Reality Capture, Integrated Surveying, Photogrammetry, Photo/Video Documentation
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Capture Conditions using:

  • Unmanned Aerial Systems to create a photogrammetric model
  • Laser scanning to create a point cloud
  • total station data collection to create a GIS dataset
  • thermal camera to map energy leaks
  • GPR to create a sub-surface model
  • GIS to communicate existing condition data
  • existing condition models of terrain, infrastructure and assets to establish site restrictions
  • photogrammetry to validate QA/QC Consistency Control
  • AI-enabled photogrammetry to establish installed quantities for payment applications
Potential Benefits
  • Reduced risk of differing site / built environment asset conditions
  • Reduced reliance on field verification
  • Increased accuracy of record documentation
  • Reducing the potential exposure to unsafe conditions during data capture
  • Ability to verify record information against as-built conditions
Considerations / Commentary
  • What is the level of accuracy of the data supporting the conditions capture.
  • Which systems (and what level of detail of those systems) is necessary to be captured to support future steps within the asset lifecycle.
  • Verify tolerance and accuracy of data capture - different tool precision and accuracy vary with device type and site conditions.
  • Data to be included within any record deliverable. Can be completed at any phase of the design, construction, and operations.
Inputs
  • Record Data from appointing party such as drawings and models.
  • Survey data
Outputs
  • Existing Conditions Model, Point Cloud Model, Asset schedules, Reports, Photos, Drawings, GIS Data
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Establish Project Requirements
Successor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Establish Project Requirements
  • Sequence Construction
  • Compile Record Deliverables
Methods / Tools
  • Field survey with manual model development
  • Automated data capture with manual model development
  • Automated data capture with automated model development
Competencies
  • Experience in Surveying, GIS Data Management and Reality Capture
Resources
ID / Version

01 - CaptureConditions-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup

GENERATE

8.2 Establish Project Requirements
Definition

Capture and monitor key project aspects and scope such as area, spatial, functional, asset, deliverable, code, end user, organizational, and other stakeholder requirements.
Related Terms

Scoping Requirements, Identify Project Characteristics, Programming Requirements, Design Criteria, Architectural Programing
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Establish Project Requirements using:

  • Programmatic modeling to establish space requirements.
  • Parametric modeling tools to create space model templates for use in authoring design(s).
Potential Benefits
  • Efficient and accurate assessment of design performance regarding spatial requirements by the client.
  • Assess the Designer of Record's compliance with meeting program requirements, to include space requirements - designed vs programmed, equipment requirements, maintenance accessibility, code requirements, etc.
Considerations / Commentary

Consider client's BIM Knowledge and understand the client's deliverable requirements. All requirements should clearly identify format, data, and outcome requirements. Establishing Project Requirements is typically performed by client / designer during the early phases of a project. If possible, review available national and international standards and borrow requirements from other similar organizations.
Inputs
  • Reference Database Export
  • Subsurface Scanning (GPR and EM)
  • Above Surface Scanning (LiDar)
Outputs
  • Program Requirements Documentation
  • Owner Project Requirements
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Capture Conditions
  • Compile Record Deliverables (Renewal/Renovation)
Successor BIM Uses
  • Capture Conditions
  • Author Design
Methods / Tools
  • Programmatic modeling
  • Generative Design
Competencies
  • Ability to manipulate, navigate, and review a 3D model.
Resources
ID / Version

02 - EstablishProjectRequirements-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.3 Author Design
Definition

Develop a design using BIM authoring software with 3D and attribute information for a built environment asset/site leveraging an object library of parametric elements.
Related Terms

Design Authoring, Design Authoring and Briefing, Modeling, Discipline Modeling, Model Generation, Generative/Parametric Modeling, Federated Design Model, Design to Maintain, Product Selection, Product Library
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Author Design using:

  • Parametric modeling to engineer the Structural Systems of a Bridge
  • Parametric modeling to configure the Mechanical Systems of a Hospital
Potential Benefits
  • Advance additional BIM Uses as a prerequisite.
  • Improved ability to make changes and have those changes reflect throughout all aspects of the design through parametric modeling.
  • Improve ability to communicate and visualize design intent.
  • Improve collaboration between project stakeholders.
  • Improve control and quality control of design, cost, and schedule.
Considerations / Commentary
  • Review all client BIM Requirements.
  • Project team members need to review model element breakdown and model progression specification to ensure requirements and expectations are met.
  • Model organization and element naming conventions to support subsequent BIM Uses.
  • Best practices for modeling, such as model breakdown, responsibilities, and level of development.
Inputs
  • Owner Project Requirements
  • Existing Historical Drawings
Outputs
  • Models
  • Structured Data (Files, Databases, etc.)
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Capture Conditions
  • Establish Project Requirements
Successor BIM Uses
  • Review Design
  • Coordinate Design and Construction
  • Create Construction Documents
  • Author Estimate
  • Sequence Construction
  • Author Fabrication Details
  • Author Temporary Works
  • Compile Record Deliverables
Methods / Tools
  • 3D Modeling Software
  • Generative Design
Competencies
  • Knowledge of Modeling Software
  • Ability to create intelligent models with associated facility data/attribute data.
  • Knowledge to meet design and construction requirements
  • Knowledge of construction means and methods
Resources
  • BIMForum. (2021). LOD Specification Version 2021. Retrieved from BIMForum website: https://bimforum.org/lod/ https://bimforum.org/lod/
  • Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2011). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers, and Contractors (2nd Edition). Wiley.
  • Autodesk. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.autodesk.com/solutions/bim/design-engineering 
  • Succar, B. (2009). Building Information Modelling Maturity Matrix. In P. Barrett, & K. Sexton (Eds.), Proceedings of the CIB W78-W102 Joint Conference on Construction IT (pp. 129-137). Sydney, Australia: University of New South Wales.
  • American Institute of Architects (AIA). (2017). E202-2013,Building Information Modeling Protocol Exhibit. Retrieved from https://aiacontracts.com/
ID / Version

03 - AuthorDesign-4.0-1

Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.4 Generate Fabrication Details
Definition

Generate the manufacturing and/or construction details in a model necessary to fabricate elements of a project.
Related Terms

Shop Modeling, Fabrication Modeling, Construction Model, Federated Construction Model, Digital Fabrication
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Author Fabrication Detail using:

  • CAD detailing solution to drive a CNC machine.
  • Model authoring tool to create installation details and requirements.
Potential Benefits
  • Reduce fabrication and install time.
  • Increased accuracy and tolerance of fabricated elements.
  • Reduce rework during installation.
  • Reduced material waste by optimizing material usage.
Considerations / Commentary

Project teams/organizations should assess downstream workflows, formats most suitable, and information need to ensure that fabricators and installers can successfully utilize the fabrication details produced during the BIM process.
Inputs
  • Product Catalog
  • Design Model
  • Construction Documents
Outputs
  • Fabrication Model
  • Product Specs/Data
  • Fabrication/Shop Drawings
  • Installation / Assembly instructions
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Create Construction Documents
Successor BIM Uses
  • Coordinate Design and Construction
  • Compile Record Deliverables
  • Layout Construction
Methods / Tools
  • Model Authoring software
  • Drafting software.
  • Specialized fabrication software (i.e., metal, steel, HVAC, plumbing, manufacturing, etc.)
Competencies
  • Ability to manipulate, navigate, and review 3D model.
  • Ability to make appropriate construction decisions using 3D Design Software.
  • Knowledge of typical and appropriate construction practices for each component.
Resources
  • Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2011). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers, and Contractors. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hardin, B., & McCool, D. (2018). BIM and Construction Management: Proven Tools, Methods, and Workflows. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Kensek, K., and Noble, D. Building Information Modeling: BIM in Current and Future Practice. John Wiley & Sons, 2014.
  • Becerik-Gerber, B. and Janice W. R. L. Chua, eds. Intelligent and Responsive Buildings: BIM-based Tools for Integrated Design and Delivery. Springer, 2020.
  • Fischer, Martin, and Rafael Sacks. Structured Interpretation of BIM Data for Automated Generation of Assembly- and Fabrication-Related Information. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 24, no. 1 (2010): 25-35.
ID / Version

04 - GenerateFabricationDetails-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.5 Author Temporary Work
Definition

Generate the design of non-permanent elements in a model necessary to construct a project.
Related Terms

Temporary Works Models, Construction System Design
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Author Temporary Work using:

  • Structural Modeling Tool develop scaffolding plans.
  • Model authoring tool to establish temporary on-site offices.
  • Structural detailing tool to design temporary shoring.
Potential Benefits
  • Components and installation sequences can be visualized, coordinated with the design model and construction sequence, and analyzed in detail.
  • Increased safety, productivity, and constructability better understanding of project and construction systems.
  • Improved communication and a better understanding of complex building systems. Collaboration between multiple disciplines is enabled, along with the automation of work package development.
  • Help identify modularization, preassembly, and prefabrication opportunities.
  • Establish record asset information to prevent incidents and identify useful life for structures used and reused on multiple projects.
Considerations / Commentary
  • Temporary Works can include, but are not limited to, Concrete formwork, Scaffolding, Support of excavation systems, Temporary shoring, Temporary heating and cooling, Temporary lighting, On-site temporary facilities, and other engineered temporary construction systems.
  • The temporary work model needs to be reviewed in conjunction the design model and the sequence of the temporary installation with the construction sequence to minimize conflict between all project components.
  • The structural components of the temporary structures need to be coordinated with the project's permanent structural components for clash detection and elimination.
Inputs
  • Open libraries of temporary elements
  • Existing project conditions
  • Construction schedule
  • Site logistics utilization plan/inventory storage layout
  • Supply chain/material delivery schedule
  • Design model
  • Prefabrication details
  • MEP layout
  • Heavy equipment information and capabilities
  • Existing conditions model for renovation/rehabilitation projects
  • Space utilization layout/information
Outputs
  • Temporary works model and, if applicable
  • Clash-detection reports/information
  • Revised construction sequence
  • Revised supply chain
  • Revised site logistics/utilization
  • Revised prefabrication information
  • Project (out-of-service) timeline information
  • Revised space utilization layout/information
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Produce Construction Documents
Successor BIM Uses
  • Coordinate Design and Construction
  • Layout Construction
Methods / Tools
  • Model Authoring software
  • Drafting software
Competencies
  • Ability to manipulate, navigate, and review 3D model.
  • Ability to make appropriate construction decisions using 3D Design Software
  • Knowledge of typical and appropriate construction practices for each component
  • Ability to analyze the impact of introduced model components on potential benefits such as safety, productivity, and sequencing of work.
Resources
ID / Version

05 - AuthorTemporaryWork-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.6 Generate Estimates
Definition

Extract project, site, and asset quantity information from model(s) to support the development of project and/or lifecycle cost estimates.
Related Terms

5D, Quantity Takeoff, QTO, Cost Estimating, Engineers Estimate, Cost Analysis, Total Cost of Ownership
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Author Estimate using:

  • Model extracted quantities to establish construction budget and/or bid.
  • Elements mapped into a cost accounting solution to support updating cost estimates throughout design.
  • Life-cycle Cost Analysis and First Cost Estimate to determine the total cost of ownership
Potential Benefits
  • Reducing the time to take off a project.
  • Increasing the accuracy of takeoffs, especially counts.
  • Better visualization of quantities
Considerations / Commentary
  • BIM can and should be used to support the estimating process, however accuracy and maturity of the model must be considered just as with drawing development.
  • Models may not also be developed in a manner suitable for QTO. Cost Estimators should work with designers to establish requirements and expectations to support estimating workflows.
  • Estimators should understand the level of development (LOD) for model elements.
  • Estimators should verify data accuracy within the model. Often model elements are not properly labeled within a model or an element could be used to represent something else. i.e., a floor element could be used as a ceiling.
Inputs
  • Design Model
  • Construction / Fabrication Model
  • Historical Cost Data Sets
Outputs
  • Spreadsheet with counts and quantities.
  • Construction Estimate / Budget built upon data from a model.
  • A Bill of Materials to be purchase for the install.
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Author Fabrication Details
Successor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
Methods / Tools
  • Design authoring tools
  • Model review tools
  • BIM-enabled cost estimating tools
Competencies
  • Ability to understand and manipulate element data/attributes within the model.
  • Background in cost estimation fundamentals and best practices
Resources
  • Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2011). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers, and Contractors. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hardin, B., & McCool, D. (2018). BIM and Construction Management: Proven Tools, Methods, and Workflows. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Dagostino, F. R., & Feigenbaum, L. (2018). Estimating in Building Construction. Pearson.
  • Hardin, B., & McCool, D. (2013). BIM for Construction Cost Estimating: Processes, Procedures, and Best Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Pittard, S. (2015). BIM and Quantity Surveying. Routledge.
ID / Version

06 - AuthorEstimate-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup

ANALYZE

8.7 Analyze Design
Definition

Examine and evaluate a built environment asset design to assess its functionality, and compliance with various criteria and requirements.
Related Terms

Design Analysis, Engineering Analysis, Mechanical Analysis, Electrical Analysis, Structural Analysis, Energy Analysis, Lighting Analysis, Building System Analysis, Sustainability Analysis, Carbon Impact Analysis, emergency evacuation planning, Disaster Planning/EM Preparation, Site Analysis, Simulation, Spatial Analysis, Sustainability LEED Planning, Code Validation, Code Validation, Way Finding.
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Analyze Design using:

  • Energy Analysis and Simulation tools to optimize built environment asset performance.
  • Structural Analysis and Design tools to validate structural design.
  • Daylighting and Lighting Analysis Tools to understand built environment asset lighting.
  • Sustainability Assessment Tools to report on overall sustainability scoring.
  • Code Compliance and Regulatory Analysis Tools to validate compliance.
  • Energy impact simulation tools to understand heat island effect and overall site energy performance.
  • Resilient design and water management analysis to understand usage of pervious materials, green roofs, water features, and other water management and reclamation methods.
  • Carbon impact analysis to improve material selection.
Potential Benefits

BIM enables designers to optimize energy performance, assess natural light levels, and evaluate structural integrity, leading to more efficient and sustainable designs. BIM-based design analysis empowers stakeholders to make informed decisions, identify design improvements, resolve conflicts, and ensure compliance with project objectives and requirements.
Considerations / Commentary

When using BIM for design analysis, it is important to consider factors such as data accuracy and quality, appropriate level of detail in the BIM model, selection of suitable analysis tools and software, integration and interoperability among different platforms, expertise and training of team members, clear definition of scope and objectives, an iterative and collaborative approach to analysis, and recognition of limitations and uncertainties inherent in the analysis process. By considering these aspects, project teams can ensure accurate and reliable analysis outcomes, leading to optimized design decisions and improved project outcomes.
Inputs
  • BIM Models include model geometry.
  • Material Properties
  • Component specifications
  • Design Constraints and requirements
  • Project Site Information
Outputs
  • Visualizations and Simulations
  • Studies and Reports such as daylighting, energy, sustainability, overall performance.
  • Built environment asset Engineering Analysis
  • Code analysis
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Capture Conditions
  • Establish Project Requirements
Successor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Sequence Construction
  • Review Design
Methods / Tools
  • Design Authoring tools with enhanced analysis functionality.
  • Energy Analysis and Simulation tools
  • Structural Analysis and Design tools
  • Daylighting and Lighting Analysis Tools
  • Sustainability Assessment Tools
  • Code Compliance and Regulatory Analysis Tools
Competencies

Using BIM-based design analysis effectively requires competencies such as a solid understanding of BIM principles and methodologies, proficiency in relevant software tools, data analysis and interpretation skills, domain expertise in the specific analysis discipline, effective collaboration and communication abilities, strong problem-solving skills, a mindset of continuous learning, and knowledge of applicable codes and regulations. These competencies enable professionals to navigate and manipulate BIM models, interpret analysis outputs, make informed design decisions, collaborate with multidisciplinary teams, and stay updated with industry trends.
Resources
  • Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2018). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers, and Contractors. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Smith, D. K., & Tardif, M. (Eds.). (2019). Building Information Modeling: A Strategic Implementation Guide for Architects, Engineers, Constructors, and Real Estate Asset Managers. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Yan, W., Kang, J., & Kang, S. C. (2019). BIM for Sustainable Building Design. Routledge.
  • National Institute of Building Sciences. (2018). National BIM Guide for Owners (Version 3.0). Retrieved from https://www.nibs.org/page/bsa_nationalbimguide.
  • Arayici, Y., Coates, P., Koskela, L., Kagioglou, M., Usher, C., & O'Reilly, K. (2011). Technology adoption in the BI implementation for lean architectural practice. Automation in Construction, 20(2), 189-195.
ID / Version

07 - AnalyzeDesign-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.8 Sequence Construction
Definition

Visualize the timing and/or sequencing of construction activities graphically using a model.
Related Terms

4D Modeling, Phase Planning (4D), Constructability, Schedule Visualization, Sequencing, Site Utilization Planning, Construction Simulation, Construction Logistics, 4D Scheduling, 4D BIM
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Sequence Construction using:

  • 4D modeling to create site logistics plans.
  • Diagrammatic animations to review the project elements install sequence validity.
  • Diagrammatic animations to review site utilities relocation order of operations.
  • Detailed visualization to communicate temporary lane closures for a bridge replacement.
  • 4D modeling to coordinate install sequence of prefabricated building systems to minimize conflict with on-site fabrications.
  • Detail animations to enhance construction waste/recycling sequences.
  • 4D modeling to coordinate temporary works to conduct safety and hazard analysis.
  • Integrated Modeling and GIS to optimize the construction supply chain.
  • 4D modeling technology to establish the order of operation to relocate and preserve existing trees and landscape.
  • 4D modeling to coordinate move management
Potential Benefits
  • Enable 4D Modeling/ 4D Scheduling/4D simulations (VDC) possibilities, optimized schedules.
  • Visualize the schedule for trades to validate.
  • Constructability Analysis
  • Forecast construction plan.
  • Provides a more efficient means for visualizing and communicating the project schedule and critical path to all stakeholders.
  • Provides a more efficient means to create dynamic occupancy plans for evaluating swing space and potential conflicts.
  • Integrate planning of human, equipment, and material resources with the model to improve scheduling and cost estimating functions.
  • Identify and resolve spatial and sequencing conflicts ahead of the construction process.
  • Salvaging and reusing of existing mature trees.
  • Use model for marketing purposes.
  • Use model for bidding on projects.
Considerations / Commentary

Project teams should evaluate what elements should be included within a construction such as labor resources, materials and associated deliveries, and equipment location. Because the 3D model components are directly linked to the schedule, site management functions such as visualized planning, short-term re-planning, and resources can be analyzed over different spatial and temporal data.

Visualizing Construction Sequencing is a useful tool for planning the phased occupancy of a building during renovation, retrofitting, or addition projects. It can also be used to visualize the construction sequence and space requirements on a building site. By incorporating the element of time, Visualizing Construction Sequencing provides a powerful visualization and communication tool that helps the project team, including the client, to gain a better understanding of the project milestones and construction plans.

Consider how tasks that are not associated with model geometry will be tracked/represented in the model. (i.e., permits, submittals, etc.). Considering how the model was/will be developed to support construction sequences visualization (e.g., the designers design intent model will show a slab modeled as one pour however, the contractor may choose to break up the model into multiple pours to align with the sequence of work/schedule).
Inputs
  • Design Intent / Fabrication Models
  • Productivity Information
  • Lead Times
Outputs
  • Schedule Draft/Final
  • 4D Model Draft/Final
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Author Fabrication Details
  • Capture Conditions
  • Author Temporary Works
Successor BIM Uses
  • Coordinate Design and Construction
  • Review Design
Methods / Tools
  • Design Authoring Software
  • Scheduling Software
  • 4D Modeling Software
Competencies
  • Knowledge of construction scheduling and general construction processes
  • Ability to manipulate, navigate, and review a 3D model.
  • Knowledge of 4D software: import geometry, create and manage links to schedule activities, produce and control animations, etc.
Resources
ID / Version

08 - SequenceConstruction-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.9 Coordinate Design and Construction
Definition

Verify the design layout and spatial arrangement of systems by applying construction means and methods and additional spatial constraints (such as code requirements, maintenance access and clearances) to validate the constructability of the project
Related Terms

3D Coordination, MEPFP Coordination, Clash Management, Interference Management, Spatial Coordination, Clash Detection, BIM Coordination
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Coordinate Design and Construction using:

  • Clash Detection software to Identify interferences in MEPFP systems prior to prefabrication.
  • Coordination software to align structural and architectural elements during design development.
  • Virtual walkthroughs to understand potential installation concerns between existing and new built environment asset systems.
  • Clash detection to mitigate potential clashes between site utilities, landscaping elements, and building systems.
Potential Benefits
  • Reduced design errors and omission.
  • Reduced defects in construction phases, below ground and above ground assets/services. (Note: rarely will models be completely clash free, rather critical items will be resolved).
  • Better production planning with all contractors.
  • Project checking rules which leads to better design quality.
  • Automatically identifying interferences within design, construction, maintenance, and temporary elements
Considerations / Commentary
  • Model LOD to ensure success coordination including the project elements that have not been modeled.
  • Expectation of responsible coordination to be documented within the BEP. i.e., what is acceptable to leave as coordination concern.
  • Uncertainty/tolerances in source data including existing conditions model.
  • Evaluate the alignment of the coordination efforts within the overall design and construction schedules to ensure that all issues identified are addressed.
  • Ensure that appropriate decision makers are a part of coordination efforts.
  • Consider asynchronous coordination methodology and the order in which coordination concerns can be resolved.
  • Coordination includes elements beyond clash detection such as clearances, accessibility, and constructability.
Inputs
  • Design Model
  • Construction / Fabrication Model
  • 4D Model / Construction Schedule
  • Existing Conditions Model
Outputs
  • Coordinated Model
  • Coordinated shop drawings
  • Updates to design models
  • List of Coordination Concerns to be addressed including RFIs
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Author Fabrication Details
  • Capture Conditions
  • Author Temporary Works
Successor BIM Uses
  • Visualize Construction Sequence
  • Review Design and Construction
  • Create Construction Documents
Methods / Tools
  • Model aggregation software
  • Model collaboration software
  • Issue management software
Competencies
  • Ability to navigate a model.
  • Knowledge construction process and procedures
  • Understanding of constructability of project elements
Resources
  • BIM for Design Coordination: A Virtual Design and Construction Guide for Designers, General Contractors, and MEP Subcontractors.
  • Elements to consider in 3D BIM coordination | BIMCommunity
  • Hardin, B., McCool, D., & Stowe, K. (2018). BIM and Construction Management: Proven Tools, Methods, and Workflows. Wiley.
  • Willett, D. (2015). Clash Detection and Coordination: An Introduction to Building Information Modeling. John Wiley & Sons.
  • USACE Interference Management Guidelines
  • ASCE 38-20 Standard Guideline for the Collection and Depiction of Existing Subsurface Utility Data
  • Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing, And Fire Protection Systems (MEP) Spatial Coordination: Requirements for Construction Installation Models and Deliverables—Revised May 2012 NBIMS Version 3
ID / Version

09 - CoordinateDesignAndConstruction-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.10 Review Design
Definition

Validate the design intent and construction details based on the project requirements and stakeholder expectations (such as validating project design quality, and model/data quality). Note, this BIM Use is not limited to the design phase.
Related Terms

Data Validation, Validate Compliance with LOD Requirements, Design Review, Model Quality Review, Virtual Mock-up, Owner Approval
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Review Design Using:

  • Checklists to validate a COBie output against an owner's modeling and data requirements.
  • Matrices to identify the minimum LOD required, and using that matrix to check the models against during the review process
  • Spreadsheets to automatically validate a spatial report provided by an Architect against the appointing party's spatial requirements
  • Model Checking tools to identify errors.
  • Using a cloud software to compare basis of design parameters against submitted parameters (e.g., - a pump's design flow capacity vs. flow capacity of equipment being submitted for procurement)
Potential Benefits
  • Reduced RFIs
  • Reduced Change Orders
  • Reduced changes to schedule during construction
  • Overall Cost Savings
Considerations / Commentary

Note, this BIM Use is not limited to the design phase, rather the design should be reviewed through all phase of a project. Review Design may have many iterations throughout a project, that range from developing a PDF checklist to utilizing software to produce automated reports on design validity based on specific inputs.
Inputs
  • BIM Execution Plans
  • Digital Practice Plans
  • Data requirements Matrix
  • Scopes of Work
  • Spatial Data Files
  • Energy Data Files
  • Design Intent Models
  • Owner Project Requirements
Outputs
  • Report of Review Comments
  • Error Reports
  • Data Validation Reports
  • Deviation Reports
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Establish Program Requirements
  • Author Design
  • Produce Construction Documents
Successor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
Methods / Tools
  • Design review software (model review and document review)
  • Model Checkers
  • Automated Tabular Review Template
  • Task Tracking Software
  • Coordination Software
Competencies
  • Understanding of design requirements and standards.
  • Understanding Model Quality Control and Quality Assurance processes.
  • Understanding project construction processes.
  • Understanding of asset operational processes.
Resources
ID / Version

10 - ReviewDesign-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup

COMMUNICATE

8.11 Produce Construction Documents
Definition

Generate documentation to communicate design intent and construction details which may include plans, elevations, sections, renderings, data schedules, 3D diagrams, or specifications.
Related Terms

PS&Es, Produce Drawings, Product Drawings, Working Drawings, Contract Documents, Contract Drawings, Construction Drawings (CDs), Specification Production, Manufacturers Information, Perform Procurement
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Create Construction Documents using:

  • Design authoring tools to produce construction drawings.
  • Specification extraction to produce construction specifications and product schedules.
  • Detailing tools to create shop drawings.
Potential Benefits
  • Simplifying the annotation process through compiling elements such as notes, table of contents and schedules
  • Reducing time to make updates / revisions because of the parametric nature of the drawings.
  • Drawings are contained in the discipline models which reduces the files to submit.
  • More accurate detailing and sections cut from model which are less error prone/avoid miss interpreting line styles and projections.
Considerations / Commentary
  • Evaluate drawings necessary to produce the project.
  • The LOD needed to communicate design intent as models are often detailed with little value provided for fabrication.
  • Establish the optimal time to transition from a design intent to fabrication documentation.
  • Understand the elements that will be modeled vs communicated drafting details, the templates to use, the systems that will be model, location of general notes sheets, and development of keynotes and sheet notes. Model authoring tools do not produce a 1:1 match of traditional CAD standards which needs to be expressed to clients and CAD managers, etc.
Inputs
  • Design-intent models
  • Fabrication models
Outputs
  • PDF set of Plans
  • Design Model with sheet views
  • Model views and details to be imported into collaboration tools
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
Successor BIM Uses
  • Author Fabrication Details
  • Author Temporary Works
Methods / Tools
  • Model Authoring software
  • Drafting software
Competencies
  • Design and/or fabrication detailing experience
  • Understanding that model elements contain data which also needs to be accurately represented.
  • Expertise in the model authoring / detailing tools
Resources
ID / Version

11 - ProduceConstructionDocuments-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.12 Compile Record Deliverables
Definition

Capture and document project and asset information for the purpose of communicating the work performed, progress made, and compliance with requirements at project completion.
Related Terms

Record Modeling, As-Built Modeling, As-Built Markup, Turnover Documents, Digital Markups, Project Record, Facility Data/COBie Deliverable, Operations & Maintenance Manuals, Commissioning, FM Documentation
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Compile Record Deliverables using:

  • Commissioning Checklists and Data to Document Commissioning Data for Facility Management.
  • Asset Information exchange for use in facility information management systems.
  • Documenting precise As-built conditions in an updated fabrication model.
  • Model authoring software to create reusable updated design-intent model reflecting as installed information.
  • Photorealistic rendering to market the built environment asset features.
  • COBie imports to support space planning/management, monitor energy performance and other maintenance needs.
Potential Benefits
  • Provide a reference toward modeling of future renovations.
  • Create historical documentation/record of the built environment asset.
  • Populate facility information management systems.
  • Provide the appointing party with a model of the building, equipment, and spaces within a building to create possible synergies with other BIM Uses
  • Minimize physical documentation required for building turnover information.
  • Enable integration of information with appointing party facility management systems unlocking additional BIM Uses
  • Aid in the permitting process (e.g., continuous change vs. specified code.)
  • Minimize built environment asset turnover dispute (e.g., link to contract with historical data highlights expectations and comparisons drawn to the final product.)
  • Accommodate the appointing party's needs and wants to help foster a stronger relationship and promote repeat business.
  • Assess appointing party requirement data such as room areas or environmental performance to as-designed, as-built, or as-performing data
Considerations / Commentary
  • Record deliverables can be compiled through all stages in the project, i.e., design, construction, and operation. Therefore, the model fidelity varies depending on which phase it is being developed (Dossick et al., 2017).
  • These types of models are a more cost-effective solution for facility management purposes as they have a specific BIM use that does not need all the details from design and construction, making the model easy to use and modify throughout a built environment asset's lifecycle. Owners can also use Design-Intent Record Models for commissioning (Messner et al., 2013).
  • Design-Intent Record Models can also be used to map and track recently updated commissioning data (Massachusetts Port Authority, 2017)
Inputs
  • Equipment Information
  • Project Submittal Information
  • COBIE Requirements
  • Design Model
  • Coordination Model
  • 4D Model
Outputs
  • Record Model
  • Operations and Maintenance Manuals
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Create Construction Documents
  • Author Fabrication Details
  • Author Temporary Works
  • Layout Construction
  • Coordinate Design and Construction
Successor BIM Uses
  • Establish Project Requirements
  • Capture Conditions
Competencies
  • Ability to manipulate, navigate, and review BIM modeling application for building updates and review.
  • Understanding of built environment asset operations processes to ensure correct input of information.
  • Effective communication between the design, construction, and facilities management teams
  • Understanding of built environment asset operations processes to ensure correct input of information.
  • Effective communication between the design, construction, and facilities management teams
Methods / Tools
  • Geo-tagging fixed and movable assets
  • 3D model viewing software
Resources
  • Brown, J. L. (September 2009). Wisconsin Bets on BIM. Civil Engineering, 40-41.
  • CRC for Construction Innovation. Adopting BIM for Facilities Management - Solutions for Managing the Syndey Opera House.
  • Gregerson, J. (December 2009). For Owners, BIM Has Vim. Buildings, 26.
  • Knight, D., Roth, S., & Rosen, S. (June 2010). Using BIM in HVAC Design. ASHRAE Journal, 24-34.
  • Madsen, J. J. (July 2008). Build Smarter, Faster, and Cheaper with BIM. Buildings, 94-96.
  • McKew, H. (July 2009). Owners, Please Demand More From Your IPD Team. Engineered Systems, 50.
  • Woo, J., Wilsmann, J., & Kang, D. (2010). Use of As-Built Building Information Modeling. Construction Research Congress 2010, 538-548.
ID / Version

12 - CompileRecordDeliverables-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup

REALIZE

8.13 Layout Construction
Definition

Establish and mark features of work on a construction project using real-time positioning supported by model data.
Related Terms

Digital Layout, Automated Machine Guidance, Digital Control, Machine Control, Digital Fabrication, Field & Material Tracking
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Layout Construction using:

  • Model information on a survey instrument to place reference markers, and check reference markers to identify specific construction locations.
  • GPS-Enabled devices to establish project control points.
  • GPS-Enabled devices to control construction equipment.
  • GPS-Enabled device to validate installed conditions for QA/QC.
Potential Benefits
  • Decrease layout errors.
  • Increase efficiency and productivity by decreasing time spent preparing survey data.
  • Reduce rework since control points are received directly from the model.
Considerations / Commentary

Construction layout uses survey tools and method but is not a licensed practice. Nevertheless, the person performing layout or preparing the data for the machine control systems needs to have a thorough understanding of survey principles. Control points will improve the overall accuracy of the efforts.
Inputs
  • Survey Metadata describing the project coordinates.
  • Control monuments
  • GPS localization
  • Design models
Outputs
  • Grade checking spreadsheet
  • Graded surface
  • Reference markers
  • Reference stakes
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Author Design
  • Create Construction Documents
  • Author Fabrication Details
  • Author Temporary Works
Successor BIM Uses
  • Compile Record Deliverables
  • Capture Conditions
Methods / Tools
  • Data preparation to create a file to load onto real-time positioning system, e.g., survey rover or machine control system.
  • Real-time positioning equipment with the required accuracy for the construction tolerance.
  • Machine control systems
  • Digital layout equipment
  • Survey/field data preparation software
Competencies
  • Thorough understanding of survey principles related to construction layout.
  • Ability to utilize robotic total station.
  • Thorough understanding of machine control systems.
  • Ability to create, manipulate, navigate, and review models.
Resources
  • Chen, Jiayu, Tang, Pingbo, and Zhang, Jiansong. "Automation of Construction Processes Using BIM: Current Status and Future Directions." Journal of Automation in Construction, vol. 105, 2019, pp. 189-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2019.04.003.
  • Qi, Yunlei, Mina, Mani, and Wu, Chenglong. "Building Information Modeling (BIM)-Based Prefabrication and Automation in Construction: A Review." Automation in Construction, vol. 80, 2017, pp. 145-159. DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2017.04.009.
  • Baker, Jr., James R., and Barringer, H. Paul. "Automation of Construction Equipment Using Building Information Modeling (BIM)." Construction Research Congress, 2014, pp. 1752-1761. DOI: 10.1061/9780784413517.174.
  • Kim, Kyungki, Fujita, Chikako, and Messner, John I. "BIM for Construction Safety: Automated Safety Rule Checking Using BIM." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, vol. 143, no. 10, 2017. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001366.
  • O'Brien, William, and Nallathambi, Perumal. "Automation and Robotics in Construction: Opportunities and Challenges." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, vol. 141, no. 2, 2015. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000579.
ID / Version

13 - LayoutConstruction-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup

MANAGE

8.14 Manage Assets
Definition

Track asset performance and ensure proper maintenance to ensure longevity and optimal functionality.
Related Terms

Asset Management, Asset Planning, Capital Management, Maintenance Management, Asset Life-cycle Management, Asset Tracking, Asset Inventory Management, Asset Performance Management, Asset Utilization, Communication Device Management, Maintenance & Repair Information, Building Maintenance Scheduling, Security/Key Management
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Manage Assets using:

  • A COBie data set to populate a computerized maintenance management system.
  • Asset information to create a central repository of asset data.
  • BIM Data to schedule and optimize maintenance activities.
  • Mobile BIM Solution to locate and update asset data on-site.
  • Digital Twins to provide real-time data for better decision making.
  • Model-based room tags to provide access controls.
  • Model visualization to help with wayfinding.
Potential Benefits

Using BIM to aid in managing assets offers benefits to organizations such as improved asset performance, cost savings, compliance, informed decision-making, extended asset lifespans, efficient inventory management, safety and risk management, and stakeholder satisfaction. By utilizing BIM technology, organizations can enhance asset management practices by incorporating 3D models, data integration, and collaborative workflows. BIM enables organizations to create digital representation of assets, facilitating better planning, maintenance, emergency monitoring, natural/living systems monitoring, and utilization throughout the asset life-cycle. With BIM's comprehensive information and visualization capabilities, organizations can make more accurate decisions, optimize resource allocation, and streamline asset management processes, resulting in increased efficiency and improved outcomes.
Considerations / Commentary

Considerations for using BIM in asset management include data integration, standardization, lifecycle perspective, collaboration, maintenance planning, security, and scalability for open data connections and open API connections. These factors ensure seamless information exchange, consistent data structures, effective maintenance planning, secure data management, and adaptability to future needs.
Inputs
  • Asset inventory data sets such as COBie and drawing equipment schedules.
  • Project cost data
  • Design and construction data
  • Commissioning and Maintenance reports
Outputs
  • Asset performance reports and corrections
  • Maintenance and repair schedules
  • Lifecycle Management reports
  • Financial Reports
  • Compliance Documentation
  • Optimization Recommendations
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Compile Record Deliverables
  • Manage Space
Successor BIM Uses
  • Establish Project Requirements
  • Capture Conditions
  • Author Design
Competencies

Preparing Building Information Modeling (BIM) for asset management requires governance and competencies in BIM knowledge, asset management principles, data management and analysis, proficiency in relevant BIM software, along with an asset management team that can track asset performance analysis, and standards and compliance knowledge. These competencies enable professionals to effectively work with BIM tools, manage asset data, analyze performance metrics, collaborate with stakeholders, ensure compliance, and stay updated with industry advancements.
Methods / Tools

Computerized Maintenance Management System, Enterprise Asset Management, Preventive Maintenance Management System (PPMS), Computer-Aided Facility Management (CAFM), Maintenance Management System (MMS), Asset Performance Management (APM), Field Service Management (FSM).
Resources
  • Teicholz, P. M. (2013). BIM for Facility Managers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2018). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Architects, Engineers, Contractors, and Fabricators. John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated.
  • ISO 19650.
ID / Version

14 - ManageAssets-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.15 Manage Space
Definition

Allocate, organize, and optimize the use of the physical space of a built environment asset.
Related Terms

Space Management, Space Utilization, Space Requirement Analysis, Space Inventory, Space Allocation, Traffic Flow, and Circulation Planning
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Manage Space Using:

  • BIM Record Deliverables to optimize utilization of space.
  • Legacy 2D, PDF, GIS, and other documentation to schedule rooms for existing facilities
  • GMMS to schedule classrooms
  • Field inspections to establish a space inventory.
  • Graphical source information to develop fire exit plans
Potential Benefits

It improves space utilization by identifying underutilized areas and optimizing space allocation. BIM enhances design and planning by providing 3D visualization and simulation capabilities, aiding in informed decision-making. BIM fosters collaboration and communication among stakeholders involved in space management, reducing space conflicts. It leads to cost and time savings, better cost estimation, and supports future modifications and renovations. BIM also improves the occupant's experience by designing spaces to meet their specific needs and preferences. Overall, BIM can be used as a source for space management to optimize space utilization, enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and improve occupant satisfaction. Although BIM can be used as a space management solution it also can be the source of geometry and data for non-BIM space management solutions.
Considerations / Commentary

Ensuring data accuracy and quality, establishing standardization and consistency in naming and classification, fostering collaborative processes and communication among stakeholders, providing training and skill development, integrating BIM with existing systems, implementing robust security measures and data management practices, and designing the BIM model to be scalable and flexible for future modifications. Space management for many owners involves ongoing changes that happen based on movement of people and assets and must be maintained at a different tempo than a static BIM deliverable. The appropriate level of information needed for day-to-day operations must be considered. By addressing these considerations, organizations can maximize the benefits of BIM technology in space management, including accurate data, efficient collaboration, and adaptability to changing needs.
Inputs
  • Design Models
  • Facility Program Models
  • Room Data Sheets
  • Sensor Data
  • Utilization Reports
  • Legacy 2D, PDF plans of existing facilities
  • Indoor GIS
Outputs
  • Spatial Visualizations
  • 2D and 3D floor Plans
  • Space Allocations and Utilization reports
  • Move Management Plans
  • Space Management
  • Indoor GIS
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Compile Record Deliverables
  • Capture Conditions
  • Manage Assets
  • Manage Space (Renewal)
  • Monitor Performance
Successor BIM Uses
  • Establish Project Requirements
  • Capture Conditions
  • Author Design
Methods / Tools

Design Authoring tools, Integrated Workplace Management Systems (IWMS), Computer-Aided Facility Management (CAFM) System, Space Visualization and Modeling Tools, Space Analytics and Reporting Tools.
Competencies

Proficiency in BIM software tools, understanding spatial planning and design principles, data management and organization skills, effective collaboration and communication abilities, problem-solving and critical thinking aptitude, continuous learning and adaptability, knowledge of building regulations and standards, project management proficiency, data analysis and visualization capabilities, and understanding of facility management principles. Developing these competencies through education, training, experience, and self-improvement enables individuals and teams to effectively leverage BIM for space management tasks.
Resources
  • Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2018). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Architects, Engineers, Contractors, and Fabricators. John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated.
  • Choi, J., & Fischer, M. (2012). Utilizing BIM for space management in healthcare facilities. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 26(4), 546-557.
  • Jensen, M. B., Bräunl, T., & Scherer, R. J. (2016). Utilizing BIM for space management in building operations. Procedia Engineering, 164, 310-317.
ID / Version

15 - ManageSpace-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
8.16 Monitor Performance
Definition

Assess and evaluate the performance of a built environment asset to ensure it operates efficiently, effectively, and with performance standards.
Related Terms

Monitor System Performance, Performance tracking, Building System Analysis.
BIM Use Case Examples (Methods and Outcomes)

Monitor Performance using:

  • Sensor Data and Building Automations systems to create performance dashboards.
  • IoT devices to forecast and adjust energy data.
Potential Benefits

Improves operational efficiency by identifying inefficiencies and optimizing workflows, enhances sustainability through environmental impact assessment and green practices, enables proactive maintenance to prevent breakdowns and optimize schedules, ensures compliance with standards and regulations, facilitates data-driven decision-making for optimized resource allocation, fosters collaboration and communication among stakeholders, and supports lifecycle optimization for long-term benefits. Ultimately, these advantages lead to cost savings, improved occupant comfort, and a more sustainable and efficient built environment asset overall.
Considerations / Commentary

The BIM model must be established to deliver data to monitoring systems by defining the use cases for monitoring and what data is needed from BIM to support those use cases. For example, using COBie to identify assets and attributes that will be part of the monitoring use.
Inputs
  • Facility Design and Construction Data
  • Equipment and Systems Data
  • Performance Metrics and Standards
  • Sensor Data and Building Automation System (BAS) Data
  • Maintenance and Asset Management Data
  • Digital Twins
Outputs
  • Performance Dashboards and Reports
  • Alerts and Notifications
  • Predictive Analytics and Forecasting
  • Maintenance and Performance Recommendations
  • Digital Twins
Predecessor BIM Uses
  • Compile Record Deliverables
  • Capture Conditions
  • Manage Assets
  • Manage Space
  • Monitor Performance (Renewal)
Successor BIM Uses
  • Establish Project Requirements
  • Capture Conditions
  • Author Design
Methods / Tools
  • Model Authoring Tools
  • Web APIs for connecting systems
  • Performance Analysis Software
  • Building Automation Systems
  • Data analytics and visualization
  • Sensor and IoT technology
Competencies

Effectively using BIM to deliver data and the model into systems that Monitor Performance requires competencies in BIM software proficiency, as well as alignment with the users and systems that Monitor Performance. Varied skills from stakeholders include data management and analysis, understanding performance metrics and standards, facility systems knowledge, and technical understanding of energy efficiency and maintenance procedures.
Resources
  • BIM for Building Owners and Developers: Making a Business Case for Implementing BIM on Capital Projects
  • BIM for Facility Managers
ID / Version

16 - MonitorPerformance-4.0-1
Author

BIM Use Definition Workgroup
BIM Uses Definition  
Capture Conditions Collect current information about the built environment to include in a model.
Establish Project Requirements Capture and monitor key project aspects and scope such as area, spatial, functional, asset, deliverable, code, end user, organizational, and other stakeholder requirements.
Author Design Develop a design using BIM authoring software with 3D and attribute information for a built environment asset/site leveraging an object library of parametric elements.
Generate Fabrication Details Generate the manufacturing and/or construction details in a model necessary to fabricate elements of a project.
Author Temporary Work Generate the design of non-permanent elements in a model necessary to construct a project.
Generate Estimates Extract project, site, and asset quantity information from model(s) to support the development of project and/or life-cycle cost estimates.
Analyze Design Examine and evaluate a built environment asset design to assess its functionality, and compliance with various criteria and requirements.
Sequence Construction Visualize the timing and/or sequencing of construction activities graphically using a model.
Coordinate Design and Construction Verify the design layout and spatial arrangement of systems by applying construction means and methods and additional spatial constraints (such as code requirements, maintenance access and clearances) to validate the constructability of the project
Review Design Validate the design intent and construction details based on the project requirements and stakeholder expectations (such as validating project design quality, and model/data quality). Note, this BIM Use is not limited to the design phase.
Produce Construction Documents Generate documentation to communicate design intent and construction details which may include plans, elevations, sections, renderings, data schedules, 3D diagrams, or specifications.
Compile Record Deliverables Capture and document project and asset information for the purpose of communicating the work performed, progress made, and compliance with requirements at project completion.
Layout Construction Establish and mark features of work on a construction project using real-time positioning supported by model data.
Manage Assets Track asset performance and ensure proper maintenance to ensure longevity and optimal functionality.
Manage Space Allocate, organize, and optimize the use of the physical space of a built environment asset.
Monitor Performance Assess and evaluate the performance of a built environment asset to ensure it operates efficiently, effectively, and with performance standards.
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